Cy Pres waxay ka timid ereyga Faransiiska "cy pres waa suurtagal, ama "sida ugu dhow ee suurtogalka ah." Waa erey lagu isticmaalo sharciga hay'adaha samafalka. Tusaale ahaan, haddii hay'ad samafal ah oo lagu sheegay dardaaran aysan sii jiri doonin, sharcigu wuxuu ogolaan karaa lacagta hantida hantida in loo isticmaalo sabab la mid ah iyadoo hoos timaada sharciga cy pres caqiido. Dacwadda fasalka dhexdiisa, haddii ay jirto in la bixinayo magdhawga xubnaha fasalka, sanduuq ayaa la abuuraa. Ka dib marka la bixiyo sheegashada xubnaha fasalka, inta badan waxaa harsan qadar. Marka la eego macnaha dacwadaha fasalka, cy pres waa hab ay maxkamadu ansixisay ee qaybinta khasnadda waxyeelada marka ujeeddadii asalka ahayd la gaadhi kari waayo. Garsoorayaasha iyo la-taliyaha fasalka ayaa ku talin kara in lacagaha haraaga ah loo qaybiyo isticmaalka "ugu wanaagsan".
Waxa kale oo ay caadi u tahay cy pres daawaynta loo isticmaalo dhammaan abaal-marinnada waxyeelada sharciga ah marka qaddarka magdhawga xubin kastaa uu aad u yar yahay si loo dammaanad qaado qaybinta. Ama, dhinacyadu waxay ku heshiin karaan in kiiska lagu dhammeeyo lacag bixinta cid saddexaad oo wakiil ah (ie, hay'ad samafal).
Xeerarka Ohio ee Habka Madaniga ah iyo Sharciga Ohio ma qeexayaan isticmaalka cy pres lacag laga helo dacwadaha fasalka, laakiin waxaa jira horudhac iyo tusaaleyaal cy pres qaybinta Ohio.
Cy pres ayaa si degdeg ah ugu kobcay macnaha dacwadaha fasalka (sidoo kale loo yaqaan "caqiida soo kabashada dareeraha"). Maxkamaduhu waxay balaadhiyeen awoodooda ku meel gaadhka ah ee ka baxsan xadka cidhiidhiga ah ee fikradda "isticmaalka soo socda". Maanta, maxkamaduhu waxay ogol yihiin qaybinta cy pres lacag loogu talagalay arrimo badan oo samafal ama cadaalad la xiriira oo kala duwan. Cy pres sidoo kale waa la balaariyay oo loo adeegsaday macnaha guud ee gargaarka ama dhaawaca ciqaabta.
Lacagaha soo hara ee dacwada fasalka, waxaa jira afar doorasho oo uu garsooruhu ku samayn karo lacagaha soo haray:
- lacag dheeraad ah ayaa dib loo siiyaa eedaysanayaasha
- lacag dheeraad ah ayaa loo galaa dowladda
- Kuwa lahaa sheegashada ee la helay waxay heli karaan xoogaa dheeraad ah
- lacagaha soo hara waxa loo qoondayn karaa barnaamijyo samafal oo si dadban u caawin doona fasalka oo dhan
Cy Pres: Qalabka Cadaaladda
Lacagta hadha ee loogu talagalay barnaamijyada samafalka, waxaa jira faa'iido bulsheed oo u horumarisa xubnaha fasalka kuwaas oo xaqa u lahaa lacagta ka kooban maaliyadda haraaga, inkastoo aan la heli karin.
Maxkamadda Sare ee California ee ku taal Gobolka v. Levi Strauss & Co., 715 P.2d 564 (Cal. 1986), ayaa ka hadlay cy pres caqiidada si loogu qaybiyo faa'iidooyinka dacwada fasalka. Marka la eego lacagaha haraaga ah, maxkamaddu waxay soo jeedisay in habka ugu wanaagsan ee wax loo qaybin karo uu yahay in la sameeyo sanduuqa kalsoonida macaamiisha "kaas oo ka qayb qaadan doona mashaariicda ilaalinta macaamiisha, oo ay ku jiraan cilmi baarista iyo dacwadaha." Habkani waxa uu dhaqaalaha u gelin doonaa sida ugu wanagsan ee ku xigta iyaga oo siinaya faa'iidooyin aan toos ahayn xubnaha fasalka aamusan iyada oo la horumarinayo qaanuunka lagu keenay dacwadda. Maxkamaddu waxay aqoonsatay, si kastaba ha ahaatee, in samaynta iyo maamulida sanduuqa aaminaaddan ay kharash badan tahay iyo in maxkamadaha qaarkood ay ka fogaadaan kharashaadkan iyagoo lacagta hadha u qaybinaya hay'ado gaar loo leeyahay.
The Levi Strauss Maxkamaddu waxay aqoonsanaysaa siyaasadaha muhiimka ah ee khuseeya isticmaalka cy pres:
Soo kabashada dareeraha ayaa laga yaabaa inay lama huraan u noqoto si loo hubiyo in la rumeeyay siyaasadda qallafsanaanta ama joojinta. [Xigashada
The Levi Strauss haynta ayaa markii dambe la habeeyey, waxaana lagu balaadhiyey Xeerka Habka Madaniga ah ee California.
Tan iyo markii ay Levi Strauss, malaayiin doollar ayaa loo qaybiyay barnaamijyada samafalka iyada oo loo marayo cy pres qaybinta. Intaa waxaa dheer, gobolada qaarkood waxay qaateen hagitaan sharci cy pres abaal-marinno loo qaybinayo danbiyada danbiyada iyo adeegyada sharciga madaniga ah.
Cy Pres Waqooyi Bari Ohio
Ururka Kaalmada Sharciga ee Cleveland ayaa ka faa'iideystey wax muhiim ah cy pres abaal-marinno, waxayna si joogto ah uga shaqeysaa sidii ay u bari lahayd kursiga iyo bar-baraha saamaynta ay abaal-marinahani ku leeyihiin bulshada.
Cy pres Lacagaha lagu hagaajiyo Gargaarka Sharciga ama barnaamijyada kale ee cadaaladda la xiriira ee Waqooyi-bari Ohio waxay taageeraan dhibanayaasha aan la garanayn ee dacwadda fasalka waxayna taageertaa barnaamijyada faa'iido u leh saldhigga macmiilka ee weyn ee Kaalmada. Macaamiisha Legal Aid waa shakhsiyaad dakhligoodu hooseeyo. Dadka dakhligoodu hooseeyo ayaa inta badan dhibanayaal u ah cadaalad-darro, khiyaamo, takoorid ama dhaqamada isticmaale ee ugaarsada. Kaalmada sharcigu waxay ka ilaalisaa dadka da'da ah, soogalootiga, saboolka shaqeeya iyo dadka kale ee nugul khiyaanada iyo xadgudubka. Legal Aid waxay kala talisaa dadka dakhligoodu yar yahay xuquuqdooda iyo mas'uuliyadahooda macaamiil ahaan, waxayna kor u qaadaa bangiyada iyo ku dhaqanka credit-ka cadaalad ah iyo sidoo kale maalgashiga bulshooyinka danyarta ah. Cy pres Qaybinta Gargaarka Sharci ayaa muujinaysa arrimaha cadaaladda iyo faa’iidada ay bulshadu u leedahay waarta.
Ma rabtaa inaad wax badan barato? Wac 216-861-5217 si aad ugala hadasho a cy pres qaybinta Ururka Gargaarka Sharciga ee Cleveland!
Legal Aid waa ku mahadsantahay cy pres hadiyado ay isku dubarideen shirkadaha iyo kooxahan sharciga:
- Benesch, Friedlander, Coplan & Arnoff LPP
- Calfee, Halter & Griswold LLP
- Dominion
- Dworken & Bernstein
- Gary, Naegele & Theado LLC
- Mashruuca Maamuuska
- Qareenada Ohio oo Dib u Celiyay
- Ronald Frederick & Associates Co., LPA
- Xafiiska Sharciga ee Steven M. Weiss
- Weltman, Weinberg & Reis Co. LPA
- Wickens, Herzer, Panza, Cook & Batista Co.
Tusaalooyinka cy pres Hadiyadaha la siiyo Legal Aid waxaa ka mid ah lacagaha haraaga ah:
- 10899 Shagawat v. Wareegtada Xeebta Waqooyi (2012)
- Aqbalaada Hantida LLC (2009)
- Bennett v. Weltman (2009)
- CNAC v. Claudio (2006)
- CRC Rubber & Plastic, Inc. (2013)
- FirstMerit Bank v. Clague Settlement (2006)
- Kooxda Magaalada Beerta (2005)
- Sanduuqa Samafalka Caymiska ee Grange (2008)
- Hamilton v. Ohio Savings Bank (2012)
- Hill v. Moneytree (2013)
- Hirsch v. Xeebta Xeebta (2012)
- Haysta Mashruuca Sharafta (2014)
- KDW/Copperweld Liquidating Trust (2011)
- Richardson v. Credit Depot Corporation (2008)
- Sanduuqa Dejinta Royal Macabees (2010)
- Waxqabadka Fasalka Serpentini (2009)
- Setliff v. Morris (2012)
- United Aqbalaada, Inc. (2011)