Yolembedwa pa Seputembara 20, 2022
10: 32 m'mawa
Kuchokera ku The Edge, magazini yapaintaneti yolembedwa ndi Ofesi ya US Department of Housing and Urban Development of Policy Development and Research
Zowopsa kusokonekera kwachuma chifukwa cha mliri wa coronavirus zidapangitsa kuti anthu ambiri mwadzidzidzi adapeza ndalama zochepa kapena alibe chifukwa chosowa ntchito kapena matenda. Pofuna kuteteza obwereketsa omwe akhudzidwa ndi mliriwu kuti asathamangitsidwe, Consolidated Appropriations Act (yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu Disembala 2020) ndi American Rescue Plan (ARP) Act ya 2021 pamodzi idapanga mgwirizano. Dongosolo Ladzidzidzi Lobwereketsa (ERAP), mfundo yoyamba yadziko ndi cholinga choletsa kuthamangitsidwa pothandiza obwereketsa komanso eni nyumba. Tsopano popeza ndalama za ERAP zikutha, opanga mfundo ayamba kuwunika momwe ERAP imakhudzira ndikutulutsa maphunziro omwe aphunziridwa kuti adziwitse kusintha kwanthawi yayitali. Pamsonkano wa White House pa Ogasiti 2, 2022, zokambirana, "Zosintha mu State and Local Eviction Prevention," zidawonetsa zomwe maboma ndi maboma achita kuti awonetsetse kuti njira zothamangitsira anthu sizikubwerera ku zomwe zidayambitsa mliri.
Otsogolera adaphatikizapo meya wa Chicago Lori Lightfoot; membala wa khonsolo ya Philadelphia Helen Gym; Andrea Bell, mkulu wa bungwe la Oregon Housing and Community Services; Hazel Remesch, loya wamkulu pa Legal Aid Society of Cleveland; ndi Zach Neumann, cofounder ndi director wamkulu wa Colorado COVID-19 Eviction Defense Project. Jacob Leibenluft, mkulu woyang'anira zobwezeretsa ku US Department of Treasury, adayambitsa gululi ndipo adalongosola ntchito ya dipatimenti yake polimbikitsa mgwirizano ndi kugawana zidziwitso pakati pa abwenzi a ERAP komanso kupanga zitsogozo zamapulogalamu kuti apatse maboma am'maboma ndi am'deralo mwayi woti apange zatsopano pokhazikitsa mapulogalamu. Leibenluft analimbikitsa olandira thandizo kuti aphatikize ndalama za ERAP ndi zinthu zina za boma ndi zapafupi.
Thandizo Lalamulo ndi Chitetezo
Pa nthawi yalamulo yothamangitsidwa, eni nyumba ndi obwereketsa amakhala nthawi zambiri mayendedwe osagwirizana kulephera kwa alendi. Oyang'anira gulu adakambirana za zatsopano zomwe cholinga chake chinali kuletsa kuthamangitsidwa ndi kubweretsa zotulukapo zabwino kwa obwereketsa ndi eni nyumba mofananamo pamene ochita lendi alephera kubweza lendi yawo. Meya Lightfoot anakambirana za mapulogalamu atsopano a mumzinda wa Chicago, kuphatikizapo ndondomeko yoyendetsa ndege yoyenera yothandizidwa ndi $ 8 miliyoni mu ndalama za ERAP zomwe zidzawonjezera chiwerengero cha anthu omwe akuimiridwa ndi uphungu wazamalamulo pamene akuthamangitsidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, mzindawu ukulozera ndalama zokwana $9 miliyoni kuti ziwonjezetse pulogalamu yoyimbirana ndi khothi kuti ithandize obwereka ndi eni nyumba kuthetsa mikangano yobwereketsa popanda kugwiritsa ntchito njira yosamveka yothamangitsira. Chicago idasunthiranso kukasindikiza zolemba zothamangitsidwa panthawi ya mliriwu kuti zithandizire kupewa zovuta zomwe kuthamangitsidwa kungathe kukhala nazo pakukhazikika komanso kukhazikika kwanyumba zomwe mabanja omwe adathamangitsidwa.
Bell adawona kuti kuthamangitsidwa kunyumba kumatha kusokoneza moyo wabanja womwe umachitika m'mibadwomibadwo, nthawi zambiri kumakulitsa kusalingana komwe kulipo chifukwa kuthamangitsidwa kumagwera mopanda malire kwa amayi omwe akulera okha ana komanso anthu akuda, amtundu, komanso anthu amitundu. Ku Oregon, opanga mfundo adasamala kupanga pulogalamu yothandizira yobwereketsa ya boma kuti ayankhe pazovuta zachilungamo. Ubwino wopewera kuthamangitsidwa kumabweranso ku bajeti zamatauni; Mwachitsanzo, zoyesayesa za Cleveland zidapangitsa kuti ndalama zochepera $4 miliyoni zichepetse ndalama mu 2021 chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kufunikira kwa chithandizo chamankhwala, kusungitsa ana oleredwa, ndi ndalama zina zopezera chitetezo.
Mu 2019, mothandizidwa ndi anzawo achinsinsi, Cleveland adakhazikitsa ndikulipira lamulo lopereka uphungu kwa mabanja omwe ali ndi ana komanso ndalama zomwe amapeza mpaka 100 peresenti yaumphawi waboma. Mliriwu usanachitike, pulogalamu yopereka upangiri yothandiza bwino 93 peresenti ya omwe adatenga nawo gawo omwe amafuna kupewa kuthamangitsidwa komanso 83 peresenti ya ochita lendi omwe adapempha thandizo lalendi, kuwonetsa kugwira ntchito kwa pulogalamuyi komanso kufunikira kosalekeza. Remesch adanenanso kuti thandizo lomwe limaperekedwa ku mabanja omwe akuthamangitsidwa limalimbikitsanso zolinga, chifukwa kuthamangitsidwa ku Cleveland kumakhudza kwambiri mabanja aku Africa-America, omwe amatsogozedwa ndi azimayi. Malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi adawonanso zotsatira zofananira ku Philadelphia ndipo adawonetsa kusalinganika kwamphamvu kwamphamvu komwe 80 peresenti ya eni nyumba pamilandu yothamangitsidwa adayimiridwa ndi loya poyerekeza ndi 11 peresenti yokha ya obwereketsa.
Pulogalamu ya Philadelphia yothamangitsa anthu, yothandizidwa ndi gawo lina kudzera mu ARP, yawona zotsatira zabwino ngati za Cleveland. Pansi pa lamulo latsopano la Philadelphia lochotsa anthu m'nyumba, eni nyumba ndi obwereketsa akuyenera kupempha thandizo la renti ndi kutenga nawo gawo pa upangiri wa nyumba zosachepera masiku 30 kuti achotsedwe. Pansi pa pulogalamu yatsopanoyi, 85 peresenti yamilandu idakwanitsa kupewa kuthamangitsidwa kukhothi, nthawi zodikirira kuti anthu azimvetsera zachepetsedwa ndi magawo awiri mwa atatu, ndipo kuchuluka kwa anthu othamangitsidwa mumzindawu kudatsika kuchoka pa 20,000 pachaka mliriwu usanachitike mpaka 7,000 mu 2021. mzinda wapereka ndalama zowonetsetsa kuti pulogalamuyi ikuyenda bwino.
Chifukwa chandalama za ERAP, bungwe la Neumann, Colorado COVID-19 Eviction Defense Project, lidapanga mwayi wokhala malo amodzi olumikizirana ndi aliyense amene akufuna thandizo la renti kapena akukumana ndi kuthamangitsidwa. Makasitomala atha kulandira thandizo lodzaza mafomu ofunsira renti, thandizo lazamalamulo, kapena thandizo lobwereketsa mwachangu kuchokera ku Colorado Stability Fund - yomwe idakhazikitsidwa ngati mgwirizano pakati pa bungwe la Neumann, Colorado Housing and Finance Authority, ndi dipatimenti ya Local Affairs' Division of Housing. - kugawira thandizo mwachangu kuposa momwe kuthamangitsira kungathetsedwere. Kupambana kwa chitsanzo ichi popereka ndalama zokwana madola 50 miliyoni zothandizira nyumba ku mabanja oposa 20,000 kunapereka zoyesayesa zofanana ndi zomwe cholinga chake ndi kuthetsa nkhani zina zachitetezo chachuma. Neumann ayamikira ERAP potsegula njira ya malingaliro atsopano, ofunitsitsa kupereka bata lanyumba kwa mabanja omwe ali ndi vuto lazachuma.
Kulimbikitsa Ma Network Network
Kupambana komwe akatswiri adafotokoza nthawi zambiri kumachokera pakukulitsa maubwenzi omwe alipo pakati pa olimbikitsa, osachita phindu, ndi mabungwe ndipo amalimbikitsidwa ndi ndalama zowonjezera zomwe zimapezeka panthawi ya mliri. Mwachitsanzo, a Lightfoot adakambirana zoyeserera ku Chicago kuti awonetsetse kuti kuthamangitsidwa pambuyo pa mliri kumakhalabe kotsika poyerekeza ndi kuthamangitsidwa mliriwu usanachitike - ntchito, adatsindika, zomwe zidakula chifukwa cha mgwirizano wautali pakati pa maboma, makhothi, mabungwe othandizira zamalamulo, oyimira milandu, ochita lendi, ndi eni nyumba. Ku Oregon, mgwirizano ndi mabungwe akumaloko udakhala wofunikira kwambiri pophunzitsa anthu obwereka nyumba kudzera khomo ndi khomo, kuchita nawo zoyeserera zoyenera pachikhalidwe, ndikuthandizira thandizo lazamalamulo, adatero Bell. Malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi adalongosola momwe Philadelphia, yomwe idakhalapo m'modzi mwa anthu othamangitsidwa kwambiri mdzikolo, idachepetsa kuthamangitsidwa kwawo ndi magawo awiri pa atatu aliwonse pogwiritsa ntchito njira yofananira yokhudzana ndi maukonde a mabungwe am'mizinda, oyimira milandu, komanso makhothi amzindawu.
Onse pamodzi, otsogolera adalongosola zomwe sizinachitikepo m'maboma ndi am'deralo kuti asinthe machitidwe awo othamangitsidwa m'deralo. Motsogozedwa ndi mliri wadzidzidzi komanso kuthandizidwa ndi mabungwe atsopano ndi mabungwe ena, kupambana kwazinthu zambiri izi kwadzetsa kuzindikira kuti machitidwe a premilimic sanathandize eni eni nyumba, obwereketsa, kapena mizinda. Kuchulukitsitsa kwa malingaliro atsopano omwe olemba gulu adapereka kumapereka mwayi watsopano wosintha kwambiri pakuthamangitsidwa.
Nkhani yoyambirira ikhoza kupezeka pa PD&R Edge: Kusintha Njira Yothamangitsira M'kati ndi Pambuyo pa Mliri